2016 -- S 2219

========

LC003976

========

     STATE OF RHODE ISLAND

IN GENERAL ASSEMBLY

JANUARY SESSION, A.D. 2016

____________

A N   A C T

RELATING TO CRIMINAL OFFENSES -- COMPUTER CRIME

     

     Introduced By: Senators Lombardi, Archambault, Conley, Coyne, and Ruggerio

     Date Introduced: January 27, 2016

     Referred To: Senate Judiciary

     It is enacted by the General Assembly as follows:

1

     SECTION 1. Section 11-52-1 of the General Laws in Chapter 11-52 entitled "Computer

2

Crime" is hereby amended to read as follows:

3

     11-52-1. Definitions. -- As used in this chapter:

4

      (1) "Access" means to approach, instruct, communicate with, store data in, enter data in,

5

retrieve data from, or otherwise make use of any resources of, a computer, computer system, or

6

computer network.

7

      (2) "Computer" means an electronic, magnetic, optical, hydraulic or organic device or

8

group of devices which, pursuant to a computer program, to human instruction, or to permanent

9

instructions contained in the device or group of devices, can automatically perform computer

10

operations with or on computer data and can communicate the results to another computer or to a

11

person. The term "computer" includes any connected or directly related device, equipment, or

12

facility which enables the computer to store, retrieve or communicate computer programs,

13

computer data or the results of computer operations to or from a person, another computer or

14

another device.

15

      (3) "Computer data" means any representation of information, knowledge, facts,

16

concepts, or instructions which is being prepared or has been prepared and is intended to be

17

processed, is being processed, or has been processed in a computer or computer network.

18

"Computer data" may be in any form, whether readable only by a computer or only by a human

19

or by either, including, but not limited to, computer printouts, magnetic storage media, punched

 

1

cards, or data stored internally in the memory of the computer.

2

      (4) "Computer network" means a set of related, remotely connected devices and any

3

communications facilities including more than one computer with the capability to transmit data

4

among them through the communications facilities.

5

      (5) "Computer operation" means arithmetic, logical, monitoring, storage or retrieval

6

functions and any combination of them, and includes, but is not limited to, communication with,

7

storage of data to, or retrieval of data from any device or human hand manipulation of electronic

8

or magnetic impulses. A "computer operation" for a particular computer may also be any function

9

for which that computer was generally designed.

10

      (6) "Computer program" means a series of instructions or statements or related data that,

11

in actual or modified form, is capable of causing a computer or a computer system to perform

12

specified functions in a form acceptable to a computer, which permits the functioning of a

13

computer system in a manner designed to provide appropriate products from the computer

14

systems.

15

      (7) "Computer services" includes computer time or services, data processing services,

16

Internet service providers' networks and facilities located in the state or information or data stored

17

in connection with them.

18

      (8) "Computer software" means a set of computer programs, procedures, and associated

19

documentation concerned with the operation of a computer, computer program or computer

20

network.

21

      (9) "Computer system" means a set of related, connected or unconnected, computer

22

equipment, devices, and software.

23

     (10) "Confidential information" means data that is protected from disclosure on the

24

protected computer, computer program, computer system, or computer network and that the

25

computer, computer program, computer system, or computer network does not transmit or

26

disclose unless initiated by the owner of such protected computer, computer program, computer

27

system, or computer network.

28

      (10)(11) "Data" means any representation of information, knowledge, facts, concepts, or

29

instructions which are being prepared or have been prepared and are intended to be entered,

30

processed, or stored, are being entered, processed, or stored or have been entered, processed, or

31

stored in a computer, computer system, or computer network.

32

      (11)(12) "Electronic mail service provider" means any business or organization qualified

33

to do business in the state of Rhode Island that provides registered users the ability to send or

34

receive electronic mail through equipment located in this state and that is an intermediary in

 

LC003976 - Page 2 of 5

1

sending or receiving electronic mail.

2

      (12)(13) "Financial instrument" includes, but is not limited to, any check, draft, warrant,

3

money order, note, certificate of deposit, letter of credit, bill of exchange, credit or debit card

4

transaction authorization mechanism, marketable security, or any computerized representation of

5

any of these.

6

      (13)(14) "Owner" means an owner or lessee of a computer or a computer network or an

7

owner, lessee, or licensee of computer data, computer programs, or computer software.

8

      (14)(15) "Person" shall include any individual, partnership, association, corporation or

9

joint venture.

10

      (15)(16) "Property" includes, but is not limited to: (i) Real property;

11

      (ii) Computers and computer networks;

12

      (iii) Financial instruments, computer data, computer programs, computer software and

13

all other personal property regardless of whether they are:

14

      (A) Tangible or intangible;

15

      (B) In a format readable by humans or by a computer;

16

      (C) In transit between computers or within a computer network or between any devices

17

which comprise a computer; or

18

      (D) Located on any paper or in any device on which it is stored by a computer or by a

19

human; and

20

      (E) Computer services.

21

      (iv) A person "uses" a computer or computer network when he or she:

22

      (A) Attempts to cause or causes a computer or computer network to perform or to stop

23

performing computer operations;

24

      (B) Attempts to cause or causes the withholding or denial of the use of a computer,

25

computer network, computer program, computer data or computer software to another user; or

26

      (C) Attempts to cause or causes another person to put false information into a computer.

27

      (v) A person is "without authority" when: (A) he or she has no right or permission of the

28

owner to use a computer, or, he or she uses a computer in a manner exceeding his or her right or

29

permission or (B) he or she uses an Internet service e-mail system offered by a Rhode Island

30

based Internet service provider in contravention of the authority granted by or in violation of the

31

policies set by the Internet service provider.

32

      (vi) Transmission of electronic mail from an organization to its members shall not be

33

deemed to be unsolicited bulk electronic mail.

34

     (16)(17) "Services" includes, but is not limited to, computer time, data processing, and

 

LC003976 - Page 3 of 5

1

storage functions.

2

     (17)(18) "Source document" means an original document or record which forms the basis

3

of every electronic entry put into a computer, computer system, or computer network.

4

     SECTION 2. Chapter 11-52 of the General Laws entitled "Computer Crime" is hereby

5

amended by adding thereto the following section:

6

     11-52-3.1. Unauthorized access to confidential information. -- (a) Whoever

7

intentionally, without authorization or in excess of one's authorization, directly or indirectly

8

accesses a protected computer, computer program, computer system, or computer network with

9

the intent to either view, obtain, copy, or download any confidential information contained in or

10

stored on such computer, computer program, computer system, or computer network, shall be

11

guilty of a felony and shall be subject to the penalties set forth in ยง11-52-5.

12

     (b) Nothing in this section shall apply to any monitoring of, or interaction with, a

13

subscriber's internet or other network connection or service, or a protected computer, by a

14

telecommunications carrier, cable operator, computer hardware or software provider, or provider

15

of information service or interactive computer service for network or computer security purposes,

16

diagnostics, technical support, repair, advertising, authorized updates of software or system

17

firmware, authorized remove system management, providing, operating, or improving a service

18

used, requested, or authorized by an individual, or detection or prevention of the unauthorized use

19

of or fraudulent or other illegal activities in connection with a network, service, or computer

20

software.

21

     SECTION 3. Nothing in this act may be construed to provide a basis for a private right of

22

action against an interactive computer service, as defined in 47 U.S.C. 230 or a

23

telecommunications carrier as used by another person to violate this act, for content provided by

24

such person or by another information content provider.

25

     SECTION 4. This act shall take effect upon passage.

========

LC003976

========

 

LC003976 - Page 4 of 5

EXPLANATION

BY THE LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL

OF

A N   A C T

RELATING TO CRIMINAL OFFENSES -- COMPUTER CRIME

***

1

     This act would prohibit the unauthorized and intentional access of another's computer

2

with the intent to view confidential information contained within. Those in violation would be

3

guilty of a felony and subject to imprisonment for up to five (5) years, or a fine of not more than

4

five thousand dollars ($5,000), or both.

5

     This act would take effect upon passage.

========

LC003976

========

 

LC003976 - Page 5 of 5