2023 -- H 5866

========

LC001464

========

     STATE OF RHODE ISLAND

IN GENERAL ASSEMBLY

JANUARY SESSION, A.D. 2023

____________

A N   A C T

RELATING TO HEALTH AND SAFETY -- THE ATMOSPHERE PROTECTION ACT

     Introduced By: Representatives Quattrocchi, Place, Chippendale, Rea, and Nardone

     Date Introduced: March 01, 2023

     Referred To: House Environment and Natural Resources

     It is enacted by the General Assembly as follows:

     SECTION 1. Title 23 of the General Laws entitled "HEALTH AND SAFETY" is hereby

amended by adding thereto the following chapter:

CHAPTER 99

THE ATMOSPHERE PROTECTION ACT

     23-99-1. Short title.

     This chapter shall be known and may be cited as “The Atmosphere Protection Act.”

     23-99-2. Legislative intent.

     (a) To preserve the safe, healthful, resilient and peaceful uses of Rhode Island’s atmosphere

for people, the environment, and agriculture, and to improve climate efforts, by prohibiting

hazardous atmospheric polluting activities, providing enforcement and penalties for violative

activity.

     (b) The assembly finds that many atmospheric activities involving the intentional release

of hazardous emissions harm human health and safety, the environment, agriculture, aviation,

security, and the economy of the State of Rhode Island.

     (c) It is, therefore, the intention of the general assembly to prohibit deliberate polluting

activities in Rhode Island's atmosphere and at ground level, as further set forth by the terms and

provisions of this chapter.

     23-99-3. Legislative findings.

     (1) Scope. Inclusive of stratospheric aerosol injection (SAI), solar radiation management

(SRM), weather modification, cloud-seeding, carbon dioxide removal (CDR), and other

techniques, hazardous atmospheric activities are diverse, varying greatly in their characteristics and

consequences. Included herein are anthropogenic, intentionally polluting atmospheric activities,

and may involve ground-based, underwater, and/or atmosphere-based activities, including, without

limitation, aerosol injection, and other deployments by facilities such as aircraft, rockets, unmanned

aerial vehicles (UAVs) and drones of all sizes down to pico, large balloons, wireless infrastructures,

ships and/or submarines.

     (2) Scope of regulatory authority. Aerosol injection, cloud-seeding, weather modification,

geoengineering and other hazardous atmospheric activities, purposed to intentionally pollute and/or

manipulate the environment, are hereby prohibited within or above the State of Rhode Island.

     (3) SRM activities include, without limitation:

     (i) Atmospheric sunscreens or solar shields: Known-to-be toxic reflective materials are

injected into the stratosphere. These include, without limitation, sulfur dioxide (SO2), sulfuric acid

(H2- SO4) and aluminum oxide (Al2O3).

     (ii) Carbon black or black carbon releases: Deliberate, atmospheric releases of soot are

used to produce artificial weather events. In particular, aerosolized coal combustion fly ash liberates

dispersed aluminum, which, when absorbed into human and other bodies, is a primary factor in the

pronounced increase in neurological diseases and the widespread debilitation of Earth’s biota.

     (iii) Rocket emissions: Entirely unregulated, these include, without limitation, black carbon

soot and alumina particles in addition to carbon monoxide (CO), chlorine, sulfuric compounds,

methane, and water vapor, a “greenhouse gas,” blocking sunlight and reflecting terrestrial heat;

     (iv) Cloud brightening: Sodium chloride (NaCl) or sea salt, seawater, nitric acid (HNO3),

and/or other materials injected into clouds make the clouds more reflective, after which the salt and

other materials rain out over land areas contaminating freshwater supplies.

     (v) Salt flare rockets: Fired into clouds, these rockets trigger rain downpours containing

salt, which contaminates freshwater supplies, desiccates surfaces, and makes the atmosphere and

exposed biota, including humans, more conductive;

     (vi) Cloud-seeding releases of Silver Iodide (AgI) and/or solid dry ice (a registered

pesticide), which is carbon dioxide (CO2), the latter increasing carbon levels that state policies

rather intend to decrease;

     (vii) Less direct sunlight reaching Earth’s surface, with fewer winter freezes and higher

humidity, resulting in increased molds, mildews, fungi, and other pathogens and pests that develop

from such conditions – with human, animal, pollinating insect, and plant diseases resulting

therefrom;

LC001464 - Page 2 of 11

     (viii) Increases in acid rain loads from the airborne injection or releases of sulfur and

aluminum oxides, with human, animal, plant, and water-resource degradation;

     (ix) Changes in distribution patterns and chemical contents of rainfall, resulting in floods

and droughts;

     (x) Algal blooms, with impacts upon human health, aquatic systems, and economies;

     (xi) The near-impossibility of restoring devalued natural resources, with the undermining

and waste of state-funded conservation programs;

     (xii) The potential, through radiative forcing, to reflect too much heat back to Earth, or to

produce excessive cold by reflecting too much cosmic energy away from Earth, and to bring about

feedback loops creating weather extremes.

     (xiii) Increased ultraviolet (UV) radiation (including UVA, UVB, and UVC) at Earth's

surface: UV is strongly absorbed by organic materials such as living tissues, with UVC’s high

energy and small wavelength particularly capable of destroying DNA and reproduction;

     (xiv) Increased combustibility of Earth’s terrestrial surfaces, by means of fallen

particulates, some pyrophoric and/or desiccating, with increased incidence of fires;

     (xv) Significant increases in ambient mechanical vibration and noise pollution, leading to,

without limitation, increased incidence of nervous system and cardiac irregularities;

     (xvi) Increased metals content in surface-dwelling and aquatic organisms, producing

heightened bodily electrical conductivity and radiation absorption, with more susceptibilities and

damages; particularly where atmospheric electrical charges are naturally or otherwise intensified;

     (xvii) Extreme harm to vulnerable human subpopulations and to the more vulnerable

species such as bees and other pollinators;

     (xviii) Significant changes to Earth’s atmosphere’s electric, magnetic, and electromagnetic

properties through the induction of high-intensity, decimeter-, centimeter-, and millimeter-wave

microwave radiation from increasingly densified wireless facilities, terrestrial and atmospheric,

resulting in extreme and less predictable weather, the desiccation of humans, animals, insects and

plants; blood-cell clumping (Rouleaux formation), blood-clotting increase, and blood-oxygen

deprivation in humans and animals; diabetes and asthma increase in humans and animals; and the

reduction and ultimate eradication of animal and insect populations, particularly pollinators

dependent for navigation upon geomagnetism;

     (xix) Visibility impairment and clutter, reducing aviation safety and accelerating collision

rates with satellites, balloons and nearly one million “space-junk” or “space-debris” particles;

     (xx) RF/MW radiation interference from exponentially increasing numbers of microwave-

irradiating satellites interacting with ground based infrastructure potentially costing the public

LC001464 - Page 3 of 11

billions of dollars;

     (xxi) Per the William & Mary Law Review, the enabling of the Internet of Bodies (IoB), a

“mesh” or grid through which every human and most animals would contain worn, ingested,

inhaled, and/or injected chips or sensors of micro to pico size with transmitting antennas, with every

body functioning as an internet node with thousands of internal datapoints, toward complete

warrantless surveillance and control, even by foreign entities, with constant biometric data

collection and loss of autonomy under an overarching Artificial Intelligence, in violation of the

U.S. Constitution’s Fourth Amendment as well as the Rhode Island State Constitution’s Article I,

§7.

     (xxii) Vulnerability of communications signals from the potential for solar flare alteration

or demolition of space-based solar power systems.

     (xxiii) Electrical grid is vulnerable to attack through the hackability of the “smart” grid and

“smart” devices; Intense microwave radiation spikes transmitted from the “smart” grid, inclusive

of “smart” meters, could spark fires, in addition to harming health and the environment.

     (xxiv) Increasing incidence of dementias, learning impairments, cardiovascular and

respiratory diseases, diabetes, autoimmunity, birth defects, infertility, cancers, and early death in

humans; and increasing impairment, disease, debility and early death likewise in other living

beings.

     (xxv) Mass psychological and social changes by means of lithium and other psychoactive

substances’ releases;

     (xxvi) Increased damage to the ozone layer;

     (xxvii) Carbon capture and sequestration programs redistribute pollution, storing it

underground instead of stopping the pollution before it exits the smokestack;

     (xxviii) Economic losses to various sectors of society and to the state itself, resulting from,

without limitation, human health damages, with productivity loss, increased and earlier health-care

needs, and heightened suffering for those injured and/or sensitized by prior hazardous exposures;

     (xxiv) Contaminated soils and water supplies, loss of pollinators such as bees, butterflies

and birds, decreased crop yields, dead and dying forests, loss of habitats, decline of fisheries, rising

pollution cleanup costs, and less solar power production from lack of sunlight reaching Earth's sur-

face;

     (xxx) The potential and ease for enemies, foreign and domestic, to cause harm

intentionally;

     (A) Necessity arising from federal stance.

     (I) States’ “rights”, including their authorities, are correctly exerted where federal

LC001464 - Page 4 of 11

restrictions have become oppressive or destructive.

     (II) In view of these facts, the general assembly declares that all hazardous atmospheric

activities such as aerosol injection, cloud-seeding, weather modification and other forms of geo-

engineering, must be prohibited in order to prevent the intentional release of harmful polluting

emissions, with penalties and enforcement provided for violative activity.

     23-99-4. Definitions.

     For purposes of this chapter, the following terms shall have the following meanings:

     (1) “Albedo” means the fraction of incident radiation, such as light and heat, reflected by

a natural cloud or by materials injected into the atmosphere.

     (2) "Area" means a portion within the confines of the state or its territorial waters, including

the atmosphere above the state.

     (3) "Artificial intelligence" or “AI” means and refers to systems or machines that mimic

human intelligence to perform tasks and can iteratively improve themselves based on the

information they collect. AI manifests in a number of forms.

     (4) "Atmospheric activity" means any deliberate polluting activity conducted by any

iteration of human, machine learning, or artificial intelligence (AI) or any combination thereof, that

occurs in the atmosphere and may have harmful consequences upon health, the environment and/or

agriculture.

     (5) "Atmospheric contaminant" means any type of aerosol, biologic and/or transbiologic

agent, chaff, genetically modified agent, metal, radioactive material, vapor, particulate down to or

less than one nanometer in diameter, and any air pollutant regulated by the state, including without

limitation those deemed "unnecessary" pursuant to the general laws, any xenobiotic (foreign-to-

life) electromagnetic radiation and fields, mechanical vibration and other physical agents, or any

combination of these contaminants.

     (6) "Chaff" means aluminum-coated silica glass fibers typically dispersed in bundles

containing five million (5,000,000) to one hundred million (100,000,000) inhalable fibers, which

fall to ground in about one day, or for nanochaff, years, and then fall and break apart; while

purposed to confuse foreign radars and satellite vision, chaff can cause power outages and interfere

with air-traffic control;

     (7) "Department" means the Rhode Island department of environmental management

(DEM).

     (8) “Director” means the director of the department of environmental management (DEM).

     (9) “Entity" means any of the following: individual; trust; firm; joint stock company;

corporation, including a quasi-governmental corporation; non-governmental organization (NGO),

LC001464 - Page 5 of 11

partnership; association; syndicate; municipality or state or municipal agency; program; fire

district; club; nonprofit agency; commission; university or college in this state; department or

agency of the state, the federal government, or any interstate or international governance or

instrumentality thereof, including foreign, domestic and mercenary armed services; or region

within the United States.

     (10) "Geoengineering" means the intentional manipulation of the environment, involving

nuclear, biological, transbiological, chemical, electromagnetic and/or other physical-agent

contaminants that effect changes to Earth's atmosphere and/or surface; and is inclusive of weather

modification, aerosol injection, or cloud-seeding.

     (11) “Hazard” means a substance or physical agent by its nature harmful to living

organisms, generally, and/or to property or another interest of value.

     (12) “Individual” means any man, woman or child.

     (13) "Machine learning" means the process relative to AI, in which a machine can learn on

its own without being explicitly programmed.

     (14) “Physical agent ” means an agent other than a substance, including, without limitation,

radiofrequency/microwave and other electromagnetic radiation and fields, barometric pressure,

temperature, gravity, kinetic weaponry, mechanical vibration and sound.

     (15) ”Radiative forcing” means measures of heat energy coming from the sun and reflected

back to space, as opposed to measures of terrestrial heat energy, reflected back to Earth’s surface.

     (16) "Release" means any activity that results in the issuance of contaminants such as the

emitting, transmitting, discharging or injecting of one or more nuclear, biological, trans-biological,

chemical, and/or physical agents into the ambient atmosphere; whether once, intermittently, or

continuously.

     (17) “Stratosphere” means the region of the upper atmosphere extending upward from the

edge of the troposphere to about thirty (30) miles fifty kilometers (50 km) above the Earth.

     (18) “Troposphere” means the region of the lowest layer of the atmosphere, six (6) to

twelve (12) miles high in altitude, wherein temperature steadily drops with increasing altitude and

nearly all cloud formations occur and weather conditions manifest.

     (19) “Weather modification” means the changing, controlling, or interfering with; or

attempting to change, control, or interfere with; the natural development of cloud forms,

precipitation, barometric pressure, temperature, conductivity and/or other electromagnetic or sonic

characteristics of the atmosphere.

     23-99-5. Regulation by the state.

     (a) Given officials’ obligation to promote the safety of life and property, and due to the

LC001464 - Page 6 of 11

lack of state security and potential for significant harm, all state climate-related appointees shall

be, or have been, administered the state oath of office and shall fulfill the obligations thereunder to

protect the state and federal constitutions and Rhode Island constituents, requiring appointees’

direct responsiveness to constituents and not to foreign or out-of-state entities.

     (b) The department shall refer potential violations as reported by state agencies or members

of the public to the emergency management protection agency, as set forth in this chapter.

     (c) There is hereby created a health-and-environment protection trust fund into which shall

be deposited violation fines under this chapter.

     (d) The department is authorized to and shall implement this chapter, determining when

violations have occurred and referring them to compliance authorities.

     23-99-6. Violative activity.

     (a) The director shall immediately issue a cease-and-desist order upon the discovery of a

potentially hazardous atmospheric activity, where an agency, department, office, program, or

member of the public produces evidence to the department that the atmospheric activity may be

occurring that involves intentional release of a hazardous emission.

     (b) The cease-and-desist order under subsection (a) of this section, shall have the weight

of a court order and any violation shall be punished under law.

     23-99-7. Departmental notice to cease federal or foreign-approved programs.

     (a) Where an activity that the department has deemed hazardous has been approved,

explicitly or implicitly, by the federal government, the department shall issue a notice to the

appropriate federal authority or agency that the hazardous activity cannot lawfully be carried out

within or over the State of Rhode Island, pursuant to the tenth amendment of the United States

Constitution.

     (b) Government and armed forces projects operating within or above the State of Rhode

Island shall meet all the requirements of this chapter.

     23-99-8. Penalties and enforcement.

     An entity or individual who engages in an activity under this chapter or person who uses

an unmarked or unidentified aircraft or other vehicle or facility to carry out a hazardous atmospheric

activity involving intentional pollution or who fails to comply with the regulations set forth:

     (1) Has committed a felony and shall pay a fine of not less than five hundred thousand

dollars ($500,000) or be imprisoned for not less than three (3) years, or both;

     (2) Shall be guilty of a separate offense for each day during which violative activity has

been conducted, repeated, or continued; and

     (3) Shall be deemed in violation, and subject to further penalties under any other applicable

LC001464 - Page 7 of 11

state environmental protection laws.

     23-99-9. Public participation – Reporting.

     (a) The department shall encourage the public to monitor, measure, document and report

present, potential and past incidents that may constitute cloud-seeding, weather modification,

geoengineering or other intentional hazardous atmospheric polluting activities.

     (b) An individual who presents evidence of potentially harmful atmospheric activity under

subsection (a) of this section, shall email or otherwise write and send any of the following to the

director or to any state police office or public official:

     (1) Evidentiary photographs, each separately titled as an electronic or hard-copy document,

with the respective location from which, and, if the content is from other than a measuring device,

the direction in which, the photo was taken, with its time and date;

     (2) Independent precipitation analysis reports, photography, videography, audiography,

microscopy, spectrometry, metering, and other forms of evidence shall similarly be submitted in

writing to the director or to any state office, or any state public official; and

     (3) Videography of activity involving intentional release of hazardous emissions.

     (c) A public official who has received information under subsection (a) of this section, and

has reason to suspect violative activity based on evidence presented by an agency or individual

under subsection (b) of this section, shall, directly or through a designee, report in writing within

twenty-four (24) hours all documentary and supportive evidence to the emergency management

protection agency for enforcement.

     (d) A report to any state official of apparently harmful nuclear, biological, transbiological

and/or chemical (“NBC”) emissions shall trigger investigation of the source(s) and contents of said

emissions, without limitation. Spectrometry of air and rainwater and other testing may be used to

determine specific contents of emissions. Where the emissions are harmful to humans or the

environment, per primary scientific study, enforcement shall ensue pursuant to § 23-99-8.

     (e) A report to any state official of excessive electromagnetic radiation or fields, as defined

in subsection (b) of this section in any part of the spectrum, including, without limitation,

microwave or maser, infrared, light or laser, and ionizing radiation, or report of intense mechanical

vibration, noise, or other physical agent, with evidence, including possible photographs,

videography, audio recordings, measurements of the agents, or other detection, shall trigger

immediately for attention within two (2) hours DEM emergency measurements of peaks and

averages over time with the appropriate, calibrated meters and forensic, detection devices both at

and near the reported location. Where professional metering and monitoring equipment is needed

but not owned by the state, DEM personnel shall partner with academic institutions for investigative

LC001464 - Page 8 of 11

activity, in order to provide evidentiary findings that would qualify under the Supreme Court

Daubert Rule in judiciary contexts.

     23-99-10. Investigatory findings – Responses.

     As established in this chapter, manipulation of the environment involves the intentional

release of hazardous polluting emissions. A finding of:

     (1) Any NBCs that are either xenobiotic and should not exist in the natural environment,

or that are found at xenobiotic levels or levels beyond the legal limits of the state or federal

government, shall trigger enforcement as follows, over all federal, state and corporate entities:

     (i) DEM’s immediate communication of the requirement of the owner and/or operator of

each facility or infrastructure deploying or releasing the specific agent or agents, to produce records

of all data collection on emissions of the extant operations of any site(s) at or near where xenobiotic

agents or excessive levels are or have been detected, and convey said records to the department;

     (ii) DEM’s order to cease operations of the facilities or infrastructure(s) other than those

operations needed for police, fire, emergency services, and aviation safety; and

     (iii) DEM’s evaluation within twenty-four (24) hours of the owner's and/or operator's

performance in causing the cessation of all operations except those activities exempted under

subsection (1)(ii) of this section.

     (2) Radiofrequency/ Microwave (RF/MW) radiation, including maser, of signal strength

metered at and near the reported, publicly-accessible location in excess of -85 dBm (decibel-

milliwatt) for any frequency or channel band specified by a transmitting entity’s FCC transmission

license;

     (3) Extreme-low-frequency alternating current (AC) electric fields in excess of one volt

per meter (V/m);

     (4) Magnetic fields in excess of one milliGauss (mG);

     (5) Transients in the electrical wiring, also called "dirty electricity", which must be filtered

for safety;

     (6) Ionizing radiation in excess of 0.02 milliSievert per hour (mSv/h);

     (7) Laser, Li-Vi, strobe, or other light with harmful effects; or

     (8) Any vibration, noise, saser, sonic weapon, or other physical agent exceeding other

official limits, guidelines or standards, such as eCode360, shall trigger:

     (i) DEM‘s immediate communication of the requirement of the owner or operator of each

antenna, or facility or infrastructure deploying excessively energy-demanding and/or public-

exposing transmissions, or other source of energy or vibration at or near the reported location, to

produce records of all data collection on the extant operators at one or more sites near where

LC001464 - Page 9 of 11

excessive xenobiotic electromagnetism and fields, mechanical vibration, or other physical agents

are or have been detected, and to convey said records to the department within twenty-four (24)

hours;

     (ii) DEM’s immediate communication of the requirement of the owner of the facility, or

utility or other service equipment at or near the reported location to provide within one business

day all data collection records up to that date and time of electrical usage at or near the reported

location.

     (iii) DEM’s order to cease operations of all antennas on, and other deployments of energy

or vibration emitted from, the measured structure or facility, other than the operations needed for

police, fire, emergency services, and aviation safety;

     (iv) DEM’s evaluation within twenty-four (24) hours of the owner's or operator's

performance in causing the cessation of all operations except those activities exempted under

subsection (8)(iii) of this section; and

     (v) Emergency management preparedness agency referral of potential criminal activity to

the judiciary for prosecution.

     SECTION 2. This act shall take effect upon passage.

========

LC001464

========

LC001464 - Page 10 of 11

EXPLANATION

BY THE LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL

OF

A N   A C T

RELATING TO HEALTH AND SAFETY -- THE ATMOSPHERE PROTECTION ACT

***

     This act would prohibit the intentional release of hazardous polluting emissions into the

atmosphere and provide for a natural climate while increasing resiliency by prohibiting deliberate

atmospheric pollution and manipulation of the environment. Violation fees would be collected and

placed into a trust fund for municipal-level allocation for projects that promote the safety of life

and property as well as environmental and agricultural health free from hazardous atmospheric

activities.

     This act would take effect upon passage.

========

LC001464

========

LC001464 - Page 11 of 11